Gut Bacteria And Autism – Autism affects gut bacteria and not the other way › united academics magazine, Autism behaviors & gi symptoms link, Scielo, Fecal transplant may improve behavior in kids with autism, Pdf] emerging roles for the gut microbiome in autism spectrum disorder, The mutual interplay of gut microbiota, diet and human disease
It has been shown that the microbiome – a group of living things, including viruses, archaea, fungi, and bacteria that live in the human gut – plays a vital role in brain function. wildpixel / iStock
At a young age Ethan was diagnosed with moderate to severe autism. At the age of seven, despite the heroic efforts of family specialists and rehabilitators, his knowledge of words, diet, and social interactions was extremely limited. He was not even familiar with the pot.
Gut Bacteria And Autism
One morning, just four weeks after the special examination, Ethan Dana’s mother woke up with a big smile and said, “Hello, Mom.” The change for the better for her son, whom she had never seen before, brought tears of joy to her eyes.
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It was a miracle of the sewage. It’s not exactly raw from the toilet, but the intestines in the gut come from a highly tested donor Ethan who mixes it with his drinks as part of the test.
“There is a very strong correlation between the severity [of the abdomen] and the severity of autism – language, social interactions, behavior, all major symptoms of autism,” said Jim Adams, a professor and researcher on autism in Autism. at the University of Arizona. he witnessed firsthand communication when his daughters were diagnosed with RAS. “The question is, is it because of the pain and discomfort of stomach problems, or more?”
When Adams examined in scientific literature, he found that dysbacteriosis, or a disorder characterized by a normal ecosystem of viruses and other intestinal organisms, could affect both RAS symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms. Temporary relief may be brought about by treatment with vancomycin, a powerful antibiotic that can be absorbed into the bloodstream but remain in the intestines. But antibiotics can only be used for a short time before the germs begin to develop resistance.
More than a decade ago, the theory of intestinal-brain communication began to emerge, when intestinal dysfunction may interfere with brain function. “Seventy percent of our nerves go to the central nervous system and then to our gut. Why is that? ”Asks Sarkis Mazmanyan, a medical researcher at the California Institute of Technology. with common animals.
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Mazmanyan and a team of researchers demonstrated this gut-brain link in a 2013 autism mouse model. Three years later, the team did the same with Parkinson’s disease. And more recently, they have shown that implantation in a person with autism to mice without viruses can lead to many RAS symptoms in animals.
Behavioral symptoms of autism were detected after transplantation of microbiome samples from people with PAC mice without viruses in mice. After further treatment the mouse microbiome showed an increase in human contact. Gil Sharon et al. / Cell 2019.05.004
A healthy intestinal ecosystem contains about a thousand different types of bacteria and archaea, fungi and bacteria, although certain organisms and their numbers may vary from person to person. In contrast, the viral load in people with RAS is 25 percent lower than in healthy people. Their intestines do not contain hundreds of different types of bacteria, which are often vital for the production and production of short-chain fatty acids that affect health.
Adams attempted to integrate all the threads of these different study areas by conducting research on the effectiveness of fecal implants in children with RAS. Her team from ASU, the Autism / Asperger Research Program, has hired Rosa Kraimalnik-Brown, an intestinal pathologist, better known as Dr. Rosie. Little was known about fecal implants in children when the study was proposed, so the FDA initially required a limited amount of limited safety research for children seven years of age and older.
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The study involved 18 children aged 7 to 18 diagnosed with RAS and major stomach problems. The state was strong but allowed children. Initially, the antibiotic vancomycin was used to reduce the amount of bacteria in their intestines. Children then receive daily doses of digested germs from healthy donors, separated from liquids mixed with beverages, and antacids to reduce stomach acid, which can kill germs before they enter the intestine. Intestinal therapy lasted ten weeks.
ASU researchers initially saw no response. The first dysbacteriosis may have damaged other cells including the intestines, as it does in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), and it took some time for these wounds to cool down enough to support the colon with the donating bacteria. But during the state, the majority of participants showed signs of improvement.
Only two participants showed a small response, a 30 percent improvement in abdominal symptoms, and this took immediately after treatment. But 16 children had at least 70 percent improvement in bowel symptoms, and more importantly, they showed improved behavioral symptoms of autism. The document was released in January 2017 and impressed the Pentagon so much that the Department of Defense agreed to fund a major viral transplant study for adults with autism, which began enrolling patients in early 2018.
Adams was shocked to hear parents say that their children continued to show improvement in ASD-related behavior long after the study was completed. The team decided to make a two-year pillow to see what happened.
Microbiome Disturbances And Autism Spectrum Disorders
An independent independent assessor using the Childhood Autism Assessment Scale (CARS) found that at the end of treatment, symptoms were 23% lower than before; two years later, the figure improved to 47 percent. Initially, 83 percent of participants were tested at the critical end of the RAS scale, but after two years of follow-up, this number dropped to 17 percent, and 44 percent progressed to below the RAS diagnostic limit. .
According to the following article, published in April of this year, the scales using the Social Response Scale (SRS), which was tested by parents, showed similar improvements. The gut microbiome appears to be a new treatment tool for RAS.
After follow-up, participants still exhibited a variety of healthy microbiomes, but the number of bacteria in their gut changed from donors to personal ones. The changes showed diet, environmental impact, immune system and genetics for each individual.
“The analogy is that if you have a company that has a good working environment, good people want to come and work for that company,” said Kraimalnik-Brown. “In the gut, if you have a good environment, you have good germs, and other good germs also want to come and exist.”
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However, the team does not claim that all improvements come from the treatment of intestinal infections. While Adams believes that restoring a healthy gut microbiome benefits the intestinal axis and brain that did not function properly in RAS, he also believes that relieving pain and disrupting dysbiotic bowels can help children focus, focus and benefit from the fetus. alternative therapies offered by government and welfare organizations.
“Unfortunately, these intestinal symptoms are often overlooked, even when parents of children with autism report that their child’s behavior improves when treating these symptoms,” says Paul Ashwood, a RAS microbiologist at the University of California, Davis. He acknowledges the limitations of the Adams and Kraimalnik-Brown research, as the small sample size and impact of external factors, but says “the data is very interesting and needs to be monitored.”
As with any new treatment for the disease, initial success raises more questions than answers. Will this approach benefit a wider group of patients with RAS, including those who may suffer from severe intestinal depression? Is vancomycin needed to destroy the existing microbial ecosystem before the introduction of healthy intestinal bacteria? What is the best time for treatment? It will take some time and research to answer these questions, but Adams hopes a licensed RAS treatment will be available in a few years.
Meanwhile, the ADU team is preparing for another pediatric trial. Their staff have developed an antimicrobial pill, which they believe will relieve stomach acid and bring about a more stable product in the gut. The pills are already being used in other studies, and Adams believes the changes will bring more stable results than their initial testing.
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Personally, Dana is grateful for the “wonderful progress” Ethan, now 12, continues to make. He has met all the goals set by speech therapists and occupational therapists, and he continues to work with social and life skills such as learning to understand his own feelings and the feelings of others and expressing what he feels. If medical researchers, like the ASU team, could continue to make progress in building the microbiome of RAS treatment, too many children could benefit from large amounts of healthy intestines. Photo: Recent research
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